The municipality of Lorca is located in the
southern part of Murcia Autonomic Community.
It is one of the most extensive municipalities
in Spain (1676 km2). It has a Mediterranean
climate, with minimum temperatures that seldom
below 6ºC and an average summer temperature
of 25º C. The climate is arid and precipitation
is very irregular, with an annual rainfall of
200 to 300 mm. Its central population centre
has 35,000 inhabitants. Another 35,000 inhabitants
live in small, disperse population centres and
numerous single-family homes throughout the
area of vegetable farms, “Huerta de Murcia”,
and surrounding mountains.
The dispersion of the population makes it difficult
to lay sewer lines and treat wastewater for
the community as a whole. At present, the city
centre has a biological treatment plant consisting
of a two-stage system that operates poorly.
Zarzadilla de Ramos already has a biological
treatment plant with prolonged aeration, the
districts of Zarzadilla de Totana, La Parroquia
and Almendricos have planned for biological
treatment plants with prolonged aeration. Campo
López does not have a sewer system. Finally,
there are thousands of dispersed single-family
homes in the municipality that are not connected
to sewage collection systems and do not have
wastewater treatment systems.
Lorca has almost 1100 pig farms for meat production
and breeding. These farms are scattered and
cause severe environmental problems due to the
lack of adequate purine treatment. Their size
varies widely, from small family farms with
8 to 10 breed sows or 100 stalls for fattening,
to highly industrialised and intensified operations
with almost 2000 breed sows and 9000 fattening
stalls.
These characteristics make Lorca an ideal candidate
for the execution of a demonstration project
to test Floating Macrophyte Systems (FMF) because
there is no vegetative winter resting period,
the population is dispersed, and the water is
scarce and must be reused.
The Lorca City Council, as represented by its
Mayor Mr Miguel Navarro Molina, has given its
support to the execution of a demonstration
project to test the effectiveness of wastewater
treatment systems using floating macrophytes:
the LIFE project New Green Floating Macrophyte
Filters for the Mediterranean Region (LFIE02
ENV/E/000182).